What Makes A Bull Buck

Bull riding is a rodeo sport that involves a rider getting on a bucking bull and attempting to stay mounted while the creature tries to buck off the passenger.^[1]

American bull riding has been called "the most dangerous viii seconds in sports." To receive a score, the passenger must stay on top of the bull for 8 seconds with the apply of i manus gripped on a bull rope tied behind the bull's forelegs. Touching the bull or themselves with the free mitt, or failing to reach the eight-2d mark, results in a no-score ride. Depending on the balderdash riding organisation and the contest, upwards to four judges might guess the rider and iv judge the balderdash on their performance. For most organizations, a perfect score is 100 points. In general, most professional person riders score in the neighborhood of the mid-70s to the high 80s.^[1]

Outside of the Us, bull riding traditions with varying rules and histories also exist in Canada, Mexico, Belize, Republic of guatemala, Republic of el salvador, Republic of honduras, Nicaragua, Costa rica, Panama, Republic of cuba, the Dominican Republic, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Ecuador, Peru, Republic of bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, the Philippines, Nippon, S Africa, England, Frg, French republic, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Commonwealth of australia and New Zealand with the bulk of them following like rules, especially with the Professional Balderdash Riders (PBR) organization.^[2]

History [edit]

The taming of bulls has ancient roots in contests dating as far back as Minoan culture.^[3] Bull riding itself has its direct roots in Mexican contests of equestrian and ranching skills at present collectively known equally charreada.^[three] During the 16th century, a hacienda contest called jaripeo developed. Originally considered a variant of bull fighting, in which riders literally rode a bull to expiry, the competition evolved into a grade where the bull was simply ridden until information technology stopped bucking.^[3] By the mid-19th century, charreada competition was popular on Texas and California cattle ranches where Anglo and Hispanic ranch hands oftentimes worked together.^[three]

Many early Texas rangers, who had to be expert horse riders and later on went on to become ranchers, learned and adjusted Hispanic techniques and traditions to ranches in the United States. Many as well enjoyed traditional Mexican celebrations, and H. L. Kinney, a rancher, promoter and former Texas Ranger staged what is idea to be the first Anglo-American organized bullfight in the southwest in 1852. This event besides included a jaripeo competition and was the discipline of newspaper reports from every bit far away as the New Orleans Daily Delta.^[3] All the same, popular sentiment shifted away from diverse blood sports and both bullfighting and prize fighting were banned past the Texas legislature in 1891.^[3] In the same fourth dimension period, however, Wild West Shows began to add together steer riding to their exhibitions, choosing to utilize castrated animals because steers were easier to handle and transport than bulls.^[3] Additionally, breezy rodeos began as competitions between neighboring ranches in the American Old West. The location of the start formal rodeo is debated. Deer Trail, Colorado claims the beginning rodeo was in 1869, merely so does Cheyenne, Wyoming in 1872.^[4]

Although steer riding contests existed into the 1920s, the sport did not gain popularity until bulls were returned to the loonshit and replaced steers every bit the mount of choice.^[3] The first-known rodeo to use brahma bulls was in Columbia, Mississippi, produced in 1935 by Canadian brothers Earl and Weldon Bascom^[5] with Jake Lybbert and Waldo Ross. This rodeo was the first to feature a bull riding event at a night rodeo held outdoors under electric lights.^[6] A pivotal moment for modern bull riding, and rodeo in general, came with the founding of the Rodeo Cowboy Association (RCA) in 1936, which later became the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA). Through this organization, many hundreds of rodeos are held each year. Since that time, the popularity of all aspects of the rodeo has risen. In addition to the PRCA, which has PRCA ProRodeo with bull riding and the Xtreme Bulls events for bull riding only, there is the Professional person Bull Riders (PBR), which has staged events in the United States since 1993 and in Canada, Mexico, Brazil, and Australia since 2006. The organization's championship consequence, the PBR World Finals, took place in Las Vegas, Nevada for virtually xxx years. Equally of 2022, it now takes place in Fort Worth, Texas. ^[7] The PBR's major league tour, titled the Unleash the Creature Series since 2018, is televised on CBS Sports Network, with the main circulate network televising selected bonus rounds (known as 15/15 bucking battles). The major league bout was previously known equally the Bud Light Cup Series from 1994 to 2002, and so the Built Ford Tough Series from 2003 to 2017.^[eight] ^[9] From these roots, bull riding every bit a competitive sport has spread to a number of other nations worldwide.

Rules and regulations [edit]

Bull riding at the Calgary Stampede; the "bullfighter" or "rodeo clown" is standing only to the correct of the bull.

Each bull has a unique proper noun and number (called a brand) used to aid identify it. A sufficient number of bulls, each judged to be of good strength, health, agility, and age, are selected to perform. The passenger and balderdash are matched randomly before the competition, although starting in 2008, some ranked riders are immune to choose their own bulls from a bull draft for selected rounds in PBR events.

A rider mounts a bull and grips a flat braided rope. Afterwards they secure a good grip on the rope, the passenger nods to betoken they are ready. The bucking chute (a minor enclosure which opens from the side) is opened and the balderdash storms out into the loonshit. The rider must attempt to stay on the bull for at to the lowest degree 8 seconds, while only touching the balderdash with their riding hand. The other hand must remain free for the duration of the ride. Originally, the rules required a 10-second ride, but that was changed to the electric current 8 seconds.

The bull bucks, rears, kicks, spins, and twists in an try to throw the rider off. This continues for a number of seconds until the rider is bucked off of the bull or dismounts afterwards completing the ride. A loud buzzer or whistle announces the completion of an eight-second ride.

Throughout the ride, bullfighters, also popularly known equally rodeo clowns, stay near the bull to assist the passenger if necessary. When the ride ends, either intentionally or not, the bullfighters distract the balderdash to protect the rider from harm.

Many competitions accept a format that involves multiple rounds, sometimes called "go-rounds". Generally, events span ii to 3 nights. The rider is given a hazard to ride i bull per night. The total points scored by the cease of the outcome are recorded, and after the first or starting time two go-rounds, the elevation xx riders are given a chance to ride i more bull. This final round is chosen the "short go" or sometimes information technology is called the championship round. Afterward the finish of the short go, the rider with the about total points wins the event.

Points and scoring [edit]

Scoring is done consistently within a rodeo organization. The 2 largest sanctioning bodies are the PRCA and PBR. They vary slightly in how they score balderdash rides. At that place are many other organizations, and each has its ain item rules on how they score, merely most follow rules similar to the PRCA. The rider only scores points if he successfully rides the bull for 8 seconds. The bull is always given a score. In the PRCA, a ride is scored from 0–100 points. Both the rider and the bull are awarded points. In the regular season, there are four judges, two judges scoring the bull'due south effort from 0–25 points, and two judges scoring the rider's operation from 0-25 points. In that location is the potential for the passenger and the bull to earn up to 50 points each. The two scores are added together for a full ride score of up to 100 points. This organization was spearheaded by former PRCA president Dale Smith.^[10] ^[11] Scores of zero are quite common, as many riders lose control of the animal almost immediately afterwards the bull leaves the bucking chute. Many experienced professionals are able to earn scores of 75 or more. Scores above fourscore are considered excellent, and a score in the 90s exceptional.

In the PBR, a ride is scored from 0-100 points in total. Up to fifty points is scored for the rider and 50 points for the bull. The rider only scores points if he successfully rides the bull for viii seconds. The balderdash is always given a score. Four judges laurels a score of up to 25 points each for the rider'due south performance, and iv judges accolade upwards to 25 points each for the bull'south effort. Then all the scores are combined and then the full is divided in half for the official score.^[12]

Judges award points based on several key aspects of the ride. Bull riding rules require for judges to be one-time balderdash riders themselves. They wait for constant control and rhythm in the passenger in matching their movements with the bull. Points are commonly deducted if a rider is constantly off rest. For points actually to exist awarded, the rider must stay mounted for a minimum of viii seconds, and they are scored only for actions during those viii seconds. The ability to control the balderdash well allows riders to gain extra style points. These are often gained by spurring the animal. A passenger is butterfingers for touching the bull, the rope, or themself with their gratuitous arm.^[12]

Bulls have more raw power and a different style of move from bucking horses. Ane movement particular to bulls is a belly coil ("sunfishing"), in which the balderdash is completely off the ground and kicks either his hind feet or all four feet to the side in a twisting, rolling movement. Bulls besides are more likely than horses to spin in tight, quick circles, and are less likely to run or to leap extremely loftier ("break in ii").

For the bull, judges await at the fauna's overall agility, ability and speed; his back legs kick, and his forepart end drops. In general, if a bull gives a rider a very difficult time, more points volition exist awarded. If a rider fails to stay mounted for at least viii seconds, the bull is still awarded a score.^[12] The PBR and PRCA record bulls' past scores so that the all-time bulls can be brought to the finals, ensuring that riders will be given a chance to score highly. Both organizations award one balderdash an laurels for the best balderdash of the year, decided by balderdash scores in both buckoffs and successful qualified rides. The accolade brings prestige to the ranch at which the balderdash was raised.

If a rider scores sufficiently low due to poor bull functioning, the judges may offering the passenger the option of a re-ride. By taking the option, the rider gives up the score received, waits until all other riders take ridden, and rides once again. This can be risky considering the rider loses their score and risks existence bucked off and receiving no score. A re-ride may likewise be given if a balderdash stumbles or runs into the debate or gate.

In some PBR events that utilize an elimination way subclass, if both riders in a subclass neglect to achieve eight seconds, the passenger who lasts longer advances to the next round. Otherwise, the rider with a higher score advances.

Equipment [edit]

Rider equipment [edit]

A rider in full gear being thrown from his bull.

Bull riders utilise many pieces of equipment both functionally and to ensure maximum condom, both to themselves and to the animals involved.

Balderdash rope [edit]

The primary piece of equipment used is the bull rope. It is a braided rope fabricated of polypropylene, grass, or some combination. A handle is braided into the center of the rope and is usually stiffened with leather. One side of the rope is tied in an adaptable knot that can be inverse for the size of bull. The other side of the rope (the tail) is a flat braid and is unremarkably coated with rosin to keep it from sliding through the rider's hand. A metallic bell is strapped to the knot and hangs directly under the balderdash throughout the ride. In addition to the audio the bell produces, it likewise gives the rope some weight, allowing it to fall off the balderdash once a rider has dismounted.

Chaps [edit]

Chaps are probably the nigh noticeable piece of bull rider clothing, equally their distinctive coloring and patterns add flair to the sport. Normally made of leather, chaps also provide protection for the passenger's legs and thighs.

Vest [edit]

Balderdash riders wear a protective vest which is made of high density cream that allows the shock to disperse over a wide surface area, thereby reducing pain and injury. The belong's foam is covered with a ballistic material called Spectra, like to Kevlar. Information technology is so covered upward with leather, giving information technology a western look.

Bull rider Cody Lambert was inspired to create a protective belong for boyfriend riders afterward witnessing the fatal injury of his friend and 1987 PRCA world champion balderdash rider, Lane Frost who died at the 1989 Cheyenne Frontier Days rodeo. After successfully riding his bull during the championship round, Frost dismounted and landed in the dirt. The balderdash and then turned and pressed a horn confronting Frost's back and pushed him against the dirt, breaking several of his ribs. Frost got up and took a few steps towards the bucking chutes and signaled for help. He then collapsed, causing some of the broken ribs to puncture his heart and lungs. He died on the arena flooring before he could exist transported to the hospital.

Lambert based the balderdash riding protective vest on the 1 worn by his brother who was a equus caballus jockey. He debuted the vest at the California Rodeo Salinas in the summer of 1993, and for several months, he was the just bull rider using one. It was not until the spring of 1994 when other contestants began riding with vests. The number of bull riders with vests grew over the months, and past the autumn of that yr, the vast majority of riders were using them. They were officially made mandatory for all contestants by 1996. Some bull riding vests also include a neck roll for protection to the cervix, although very few riders use a vest with said modification.

Glove [edit]

To preclude a rope burn, riders must wear a protective glove, usually made of leather. Information technology must be attached to the rider'south paw since the force the brute is able to exert could easily tear information technology away. The passenger often applies rosin to the glove, which allows for additional grip.

Cowboy boots [edit]

Cowboy boots are also worn. The dull and loosely locked spurs help keep the rider balanced and is crucial slice of equipment to the sport equally a whole. The bulls are unharmed past the rowels, as their hide is roughly vii times thicker than a human being'south skin. Truly skilled riders will often spur the balderdash in the hope of achieving extra style points from the judges.

Mouthguard [edit]

Many riders habiliment mouthguards, which are optional at the professional level.

Cowboy hats, face masks and helmets [edit]

For most of bull riding's history, the primary headgear worn by contestants was cowboy hats. All the same, things started to slowly change during the latter years of the 20th century. Among the primeval bull riders to use protective headgear was 1982 PRCA earth champion, Charlie Sampson. At a rodeo during the latter part of the 1983 PRCA regular flavour, Sampson suffered a major wreck that cracked his skull and fractured nearly every bone in his face. Every bit a result, he had reconstructive surgery. When the regular season ended, he had won enough coin to qualify for the National Finals Rodeo in Oklahoma City in December. Against doctors' recommendations, he decided to compete at the event. Withal, his confront was nonetheless recovering, and then he rode at the result with a modified lacrosse helmet that included a protective confront cage. When his confront was healed up, Sampson went dorsum to riding in a cowboy hat. Withal, he would suffer additional facial injuries throughout the rest of his career and rode with a helmet if his injuries were severe enough to warrant it. He would always become back to riding in a hat when healed up and never made a helmet a permanent part of his gear.

Into the 1990s, a small number of other professional bull riders began using protective headgear such as leather face up masks with metal bars that they wore under their hats while riding or modified ice hockey helmets. Similar Charlie Sampson, well-nigh of these riders only wore headgear while recovering from serious facial or caput injuries, only to ditch it when healed upward. Very few balderdash riders made protective headwear a permanent part of their gear. However, by 2003, though notwithstanding a minority, helmeted bull riders were more than common than e'er. Many were now riders that did not necessarily suffer serious injuries, merely who grew up riding with them for the sake of extra prophylactic. The number of contestants who rode with helmets grew throughout the residual of the 2000s. Especially during the latter years of the decade.

By the early 2010s, manufacturers were edifice helmets fabricated specifically for bull riding. Around the aforementioned fourth dimension, near upwardly-and-comers were already riding with helmets. In 2013, the PBR made it mandatory that all contestants at their events who were born on or after October 15, 1994 ride with a full bull riding helmet. Those born before that date were grandfathered in and permitted to ride with a protective face mask underneath their chapeau or but with their hat if and then desired.

Public health researchers found evidence suggesting that bull riding helmets are protective, when riders wearing one item type of helmet suffered approximately fifty% fewer head and facial injuries.^[thirteen] ^[14]

In 2004, at the 1st International Rodeo Research and Clinical Care Briefing in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, the licensed rodeo and bull riding medical personnel and clinicians recommended to the rodeo and bull riding associations mentioned in the understanding the mandatory employ of helmets to all youth bull riders and the recommendation of helmets to all adult bull riders.^[fifteen]

For competitors nether the age of eighteen, mandatory protective headgear incorporating an ice hockey-manner helmet is worn. Riders who utilise helmets as youths tend to continue wearing them every bit they accomplish adulthood and plow professional.^[xvi]

Bull equipment [edit]

This bull is wearing a flank strap.

Flank strap [edit]

The flank strap is a soft cotton rope at least 5/8" in diameter and is used without extra padding like sheepskin or neoprene. It is tied around the bull'due south flank.^[17] Contrary to popular belief, the flank strap is not tied around the balderdash'due south testicles. This rope is to encourage the bull to use his hind legs more in a bucking motion, as this is a true test of a passenger's skill in maintaining the ride. If information technology is practical improperly a rider may asking to ride again, as the bull volition non buck well if the flank strap is too tight. The flank strap is applied by the stock contractor or his designate.

The arena [edit]

The arenas used in professional bull riding vary. Some are rodeo arenas that are used just for balderdash riding and other rodeo events. Others are effect centers that play host to many dissimilar sports. Common to all arenas is a large, open up area that gives the bulls, bull riders, and balderdash fighters plenty of room to maneuver. The area is fenced, ordinarily half-dozen to 7 feet high, to protect the audience from escaped bulls. In that location are mostly exits on each corner of the loonshit for riders to get out of the way quickly. Riders can also hop onto the fence to avert danger. One end of the loonshit contains the bucking chutes from which the bulls are released. There is also an go out chute where the bulls can exit the arena.

North America [edit]

In the United States and Canada, most professional person bull riders start out riding in high school rodeo or other inferior associations. From there, riders may go on the college rodeo excursion or to ane of several national or regional semi-professional associations including the Southern Extreme Bull Riding Association (SEBRA), the National Federation of Professional Bull Riders (NFPB), the International Bull Riders Clan (IBR), the Professional Championship Bull Riders Tour (PCB), the American Bull Riders Tour (ABT), Bull Riders Canada (BRC), the International Professional Rodeo Association (IPRA), the Cowboys Professional Rodeo Clan (CPRA), the United Professional person Rodeo Association (UPRA), the Southern Rodeo Association (SRA), the Professional Western Rodeo Clan (PWRA), the Canadian Cowboys Association (CCA), among others. Bull riders compete in these organizations as they are climbing the ladder to the professional ranks and to supplement their income.

In United mexican states, at that place are a number of American-style balderdash riding organizations. The three main professional ones include PBR United mexican states, Cuernos Chuecos (Crooked Horns), and La Federacion Mexicana de Rodeo (The Mexican Rodeo Federation). The latter of which is Mexico's pinnacle organization that includes all of American Rodeo'southward standard events, including bull riding. There are as well a number of regional semi-pro associations.

The top bull riders in the globe compete on the PBR and PRCA circuits. Balderdash riders can win in excess of $100,000 a year while competing in either of these organizations, and it is not uncommon for riders to compete in both of them.

Australia and New Zealand [edit]

There are approximately 200 rodeos and bushmen's carnivals held annually across Australia. At almost of these events bull riding is 1 of the featured competitions.

Initially bullocks and steers were used for roughriding events and these were owned by local graziers that lent them for these events. Nowadays bulls are used for the open events and stock contractors supply the various roughriding associations. Contract stock has produced a more uniform range of bucking stock which is also quieter to handle. The competitions are run and scored in a similar style to that used in the United States.^[eighteen]

In May 1992, the National Rodeo Council of Commonwealth of australia (NRCA) was formed to promote and further the sport of rodeo and has represented the post-obit associations, which also control bull riding:

Australian Bushmen'due south Campdraft & Rodeo Clan (ABCRA)
Australian Professional Bull Riders Clan (APBA)
Cardinal Rodeo Cowboys Association (CRCA)
Indigenous Rodeo Riders Australia (IRRA)
National Educatee Rodeo Association (NSRA)
National Rodeo Association (NRA)
Northern Cowboys Clan (NCA)
Queensland Rodeo Association (QRA)
Rodeo Services Association (RSA)
West Coast Rodeo Circuit (WCRC)^[19]

There are strict standards for the selection, intendance and handling of rodeo livestock, arenas, plus equipment requirements and specifications.^[xx]

Chainsaw was one of Australia's most famous bucking bulls. Simply nine contestants scored on him and he won the Australian national title of Bull of the Yr a world record viii times during 1987 to 1994.^[21]

Some of Australia's best balderdash riders travel and compete internationally in Canada, New Zealand and the United States. Some of Australia's leading bull riders carry bull riding clinics to assist learners and novice riders.^[22]

A Globe Challenge of Professional Bull Riders (PBR) was held on 29 May 2010 at the Brisbane Entertainment Centre (BEC). The 2010 PBR Finals were held over two nights at the Australian Equine and Livestock Events Centre (AELEC), with five top-ranked professional person bull riders from the U.s.a. and 25 of Australia's best balderdash riders contesting the upshot.^[23]

Rodeo is likewise popular in land regions of New Zealand where approximately 32 rodeos, which include bull riding contests, are held each summer.^[24]

Fauna welfare [edit]

There is debate between brute rights/welfare organizations and bull riding enthusiasts over many aspects of the sport. One source of controversy is the flank strap. The flank strap is placed around a bull's flank, just in front of the hind legs, to encourage bucking. Critics^{[ who? ]} say that the flank strap encircles or otherwise binds the genitals of the bull. However, the flank strap is anatomically impossible to place over the testicles.^{[ citation needed ]} Many^{[ who? ]} point out that the bull's genes are valuable and that at that place is a stiff economical incentive to continue the animal in good reproductive health. Farther, particularly in the case of bulls, an animate being that is sick and in pain normally will not want to move at all, will non buck as well, and may even lie down in the chute or band rather than cadet.^{[ citation needed ]}

Critics^{[ who? ]} also claim that electric cattle prods ("hot shots") are used to injure and torture bulls, while supporters^{[ who? ]} of bull riding merits that the cattle prod simply gets the bull out of the chute rapidly and is only a moderate irritation due to the thickness of the animal'southward hide.^{[ citation needed ]} Cattle prods have not been used in the Professional Bull Riders (PBR) tour for several years. However, in smaller associations, a cattle prod is still sometimes used to ensure that the animal leaves the chute every bit shortly every bit the passenger nods their head.^[25] Cattle prods are non allowed past any major association.^{[ citation needed ]}

Spurs are as well a source of controversy, though modern rodeo rules identify strict regulations on the type and use of spurs^[25] and participants signal out that they are a tool commonly used in other non-rodeo equestrian disciplines.^{[ commendation needed ]} Spurs used in bull riding do not have a fixed rowel, nor tin they exist sharpened. The PBR currently allows just two types of rowels to ensure the condom of the animals.

See besides [edit]

Steer riding
Miniature bull riding
Bucking bull
Mutton busting
Mechanical bull
Jaripeo
Jineteada gaucha
Bronc riding

References [edit]

^ ^a ^b "Facing the Balderdash: The Most Dangerous Eight Seconds in Sports". news.nationalgeographic.com. National Geographic News. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
^ Kubke, Jane & Kubke Jessica 2006. "Bull Riding". The Rosen Publishing Group
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^grand ^h LeCompte, Mary Lou. (1985) "The Hispanic influence on Rodeo". (109 KB) . Journal of Sport History. book 12. Issue ane.
^ Melody Groves (2006), Ropes, reins, and rawhide, ISBN 0-8263-3822-4, ISBN 978-0-8263-3822-8 https://books.google.com/books?id=ztGsU7ISp50C&pg=PA51&dq=Cowboy+Upwardly:+The+History+of+Bull+Riding&customer=firefox-a#PPA4,M1
^ "2016 Bascom'due south". ProRodeo Hall of Fame . Retrieved November 14, 2019.
^ "Begetter of modern rodeo inducted into Hall of Fame". The Western Producer. September 17, 2015. Retrieved November fourteen, 2019.
^ "PBR World Finals Moving to Fort Worth in 2022". Professional Bull Riders . Retrieved August 31, 2021.
^ "The Professional Bull Riders Usher in tenth Season with Ford Trucks as the New Title Sponsor". Professional person Bull Riders. www.pbrnow.com. Archived from the original on Dec viii, 2002. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
^ "Monster Energy Expands Human relationship with Professional Bull Riders". Professional Balderdash Riders. www.pbr.com. Retrieved Jan eight, 2018.
^ Bernstein, Joel H. (2007). Wild Ride: The History and Lore of Rodeo - Joel H. Bernstein - Google Books. ISBN9781586857455 . Retrieved January 28, 2017.
^ "Rodeo 101". www.prorodeo.com . Retrieved March i, 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c 2018 PBR Media Guide, Bull Riding Basics - Passenger Score, p. 32.
^ "Survey Analysis to Appraise the Effectiveness of the Bull Tough Helmet in Preventing Caput Injuries in Bull Riders: A Pilot Study". Research Gate . Retrieved June 20, 2019.
^ Brandenburg, Mark A. "Mechanisms of head injury in balderdash riders with and without the Bull Tough helmet--a case series". ResearchGate . Retrieved June 20, 2019.
^ Butterwick2005/Butterwick DJ, Brandenburg MA (April 2005). "Agreement Statement from the 1st International Rodeo Research and Clinical Care Conference Calgary, Alberta, Canada July 7-9, 2004". Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. fifteen (12): 192–195. doi:ten.1097/01.jsm.0000160553.87755.2a. PMID 15867568.
^ Texas police force mandates competitors under 18 in rodeos, including bull riding, must wear a helmet.
^ "Livestock Welfare Rules". world wide web.prorodeo.com. Professional Rodeo Cowboy Association. Retrieved October 2, 2017.
^ Hicks Jenny, "Australian Cowboys, Roughriders & Rodeos", CQU Printing, Rockhampton, QLD, 2000
^ NCRA. Retrieved 2009-eleven-22.
^ "Lawmaking of exercise for the welfare of rodeo and rodeo schoolhouse livestock". Archived from the original on Oct eleven, 2009. Retrieved Nov 22, 2009.
^ Isa Rotary Rodeo. Retrieved 2010-12-31.
^ "Australia's Leading Roughstock protection Vests & Rodeo Equipment". Archived from the original on July eight, 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2010.
^ "New England Trio on the Cusp of Bull Riding Glory". Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved Dec 31, 2010.
^ Jock Phillips. 'Rural recreation - Rural equus caballus sports', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 1-Mar-09 URL: http://world wide web.TeAra.govt.nz/en/rural-recreation/7. Retrieved December 24, 2013.
^ ^a ^b "Livestock Welfare Rules". www.prorodeo.com . Retrieved May 28, 2017.

Bibliography [edit]

2018 PBR Media Guide - Bull Riding Basics (PDF). Professional Bull Riders. 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 2, 2019. Retrieved March 1, 2019.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_riding

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